Bridge Loan Glossary

Hard Money Loan

A hard money loan is a short-term real estate loan funded by a private individual or company rather than a bank or institutional lender. The loan is secured by real property, and the lender's primary underwriting factor is the value and equity in the collateral, not the borrower's income or credit score.

Hard Money vs. Bridge Loan: What Is the Difference?

The terms are often used interchangeably, but there is a distinction worth understanding. Hard money loans is a broader category that includes any asset-based private real estate loan. Bridge loans are a specific type of hard money loan used to bridge the timing gap between two transactions. Every bridge loan is a form of hard money lending, but not every hard money loan is a bridge loan.

Other types of hard money loans include fix-and-flip loans (to purchase and renovate a property for resale), rehab loans (similar, with funds to cover renovation costs), and land loans. Each serves a different purpose, but all share the core characteristics: short term, private capital, asset-based underwriting.

Key Distinction

A hard money bridge loan is specifically used to bridge two real estate transactions. A general hard money loan may be used for investment purchase, renovation, or other real estate purposes. The underwriting approach is similar; the use case is different.

Why Borrowers Choose Hard Money in California

California's real estate market moves fast. Banks and conventional lenders take 30 to 60 days to close a purchase loan, and they require extensive income documentation that disqualifies self-employed, retired, and complex-income borrowers. Hard money lenders can close in days to weeks, and they underwrite on the asset rather than the person.

Common California borrowers for hard money loans include real estate investors, fix-and-flip operators, landlords acquiring properties that need renovation, and homeowners in transition who cannot qualify for or wait on a conventional mortgage.

Frequently Asked Questions

A bridge loan is a type of hard money loan, but not all hard money loans are bridge loans. A bridge loan specifically bridges the gap between two real estate transactions. Hard money loans also include fix-and-flip loans, rehab loans, and other short-term private financing. The underwriting approach is similar across all hard money products.
California hard money rates typically range from 9% to 13% depending on the lender, property type, and LTV. North Coast Financial's bridge loan rates are 9.95% to 10.95% (APR 11.40% to 13.22%).
Hard money underwriting is asset-based, so the primary requirement is significant equity in the collateral property. Borrowers with credit issues, complex income, or self-employment regularly qualify for hard money loans that would not be available to them through conventional lenders.